Unmoved mover According to Aristotle, this is what gives nature its purpose, or final cause, but was itself uncaused. In Aristotle’s philosophy, the unmoved mover was a logical necessity.
Vegetative (or nutritive) soul The soul possessed by plants. It allows only growth, the intake of nutrition, and reproduction.
Xenophanes Believed people created gods in their own image. He noted that dark-skinned people created dark-skinned gods and light-skinned people created light-skinned gods. He speculated that the gods created by nonhuman animals would have the characteristics of those animals. He postulated the existence of one all-powerful god without human characteristics but warned that all beliefs are suspect, even his own.
Zeno of Elea A disciple of Parmenedes known for his clever examples and fables.