Outgroup homogeneity effect The tendency to assume that there is greater similarity among members of out- groups than among members of ingroups.
Outgroups Groups with which an individual does not feel a sense of membership, belonging, or identity.
Overjustification effect The tendency for intrinsic motiva- tion to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward or other extrinsic factors.
Informed consent An individual’s deliberate, voluntary deci- sion to participate in research, based on the researcher’s description of what will be required during such participation.
Ingroup favoritism The tendency to discriminate in favor of ingroups over outgroups.
Ingroups Groups with which an individual feels a sense of membership, belonging, and identity.