Contingency Approach: several researchers and writers explored this concept in the 1950s, as they said, ‘Weber’s bureaucracy and Frederick Taylor’s scientific management theories had failed as they had implied one best way to organize and ignored the effects of the environment on management style and organizational structure.” “There is no one best way to lead and organize, they contended.”
Based on their approach, Contingency approach has no one definition rather it is a situational approach that is contingent on a company’s needs both internal and external.
Scientific Management Theory: mechanical engineer Frederick W. Taylor in the late 1800s and early 1900s developed Scientific Management theory by systematically using time and motion to study and analyze human behavior at work. Scientific Management theory considered human input as cheap and interchangeable part that can be used to increase or maximize efficiency by breaking down production processes into small units; basically, Scientific management theory is a way of improving and structuring an organization or any business to maximum efficiency.