• Firearms and tool mark evidence are important classes of physical evidence. • Important patterns for individualization include those left behind on fired evidence,
in tool marks, and in writing. • Rifling was added to the barrels of firearms to impart spin to the bullets, which
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increased accuracy and range. Additionally, this process impressed into the barrels of firearms individualizing characteristics that help connect a bullet and/or car- tridge casing to a particular firearm.
• Bullets can be identified to a particular weapon using a comparison microscope to examine the individual characteristics.
• Gunshot residue can be identified on the hands of a person, but this finding does not show that the person fired a weapon.