1. An intersection approach has a saturation flow rate of 1500 veh/h, and vehicles arrive at the approach at the rate of 800 veh/h. The approach is controlled by a pretimed signal with a cycle length of 60 seconds and D/D/1 queuing holds. Local standards dictate that signals should be set such that all approach queues dissipate 10 seconds before the end of the effective green portion of the cycle. Assuming that approach capacity exceeds arrivals, determine the maximum length of effective red that will satisfy local standards.
2. An approach to a pretimed signal has 30 seconds of effective red, and D/D/1 queuing holds. The total delay at the approach is 83.33 veh-s/cycle and the saturation flow rate is 1000 veh/h. If the capacity of the approach equals the number of arrivals per cycle, determine the approach flow rate and cycle length.
3. An approach to a pretimed signal has 25 seconds of effective green in a 60-second cycle. The approach volume is 500 veh/h and the saturation flow rate is 1400 veh/h. Calculate the average vehicle delay for the approach assuming D/D/1 queuing.